In 1965, MIT’s Lincoln Laboratory saw their Lincoln Calibration Sphere 1 (LCS-1) launched into Earth orbit. It was an empty aluminum sphere and couldn’t do any science of its own. But the world’s most boring disco ball has played a huge support role in astronomy, earth science, and engineering for over half a century!
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Sources:
https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/lcs-1.htm
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1446249
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6501308
https://www.naic.edu/ao/blog/modeling-radar-albedos-laboratory-characterized-particles-application-lunar-surface
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/JZ071i020p04871
https://www.ll.mit.edu/sites/default/files/other/doc/2018-04/MIT_Lincoln_Laboratory_history_book.pdf
https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD0638442.pdf
https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/9/8/403
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https://archive.ll.mit.edu/publications/journal/pdf/vol01_no2/1.2.6.satellitedrag.pdf
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11208-005-0030-5
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20120002784/downloads/20120002784.pdf
https://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/static/files/CEDAR-2015-SuttonEK_CEDAR-GEM-Modeling-Challenge.pdf
https://sol.spacenvironment.net/jb2008/pubs/JB2006_AIAA_2006-6167.pdf
https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/2.3485?journalCode=jsr
https://trs.jpl.nasa.gov/bitstream/handle/2014/31475/95-1158.pdf?sequence=1
https://www.aicompanies.com/education-training/calibration/what-is-calibration/
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https://www.npr.org/2019/07/20/742379987/space-spinoffs-the-technology-to-reach-the-moon-was-put-to-use-back-on-earth
Image Sources:
Image Courtesy of MIT Lincoln Laboratory
https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/photo/sunrise-royalty-free-image/1355368910?phrase=space&adppopup=true
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gustaf-Jarnefelt-1960.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sonar_Principle_EN.svg
https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/video/astronomical-radio-telescope-and-sky-clouds-stock-footage/1395656587?phrase=satellite%20dish&adppopup=true
https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/illustration/chrome-ball-realistic-isolated-on-white-royalty-free-illustration/508812434?phrase=metal%20ball&adppopup=true
https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/video/spinning-cube-3d-shape-animation-loops-on-transparent-stock-footage/1351609870?phrase=cube%20rotating&adppopup=true
https://images.nasa.gov/details-LRC-1957-B701_P-00528
https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/video/beautiful-disco-ball-spinning-seamless-with-flares-on-stock-footage/507450406?phrase=disco%20ball&adppopup=true
https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/photo/moon-in-outer-space-against-the-background-of-stars-royalty-free-image/1350988122?phrase=moon%20surface&adppopup=true
https://www.nasa.gov/topics/technology/features/webb-2011progress.html
https://www.nasa.gov/content/earths-atmospheric-layers
https://www.nasa.gov/centers/wstf/site_tour/remote_hypervelocity_test_laboratory/micrometeoroid_and_orbital_debris.html
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