There are billions of planets out there that don’t orbit stars. The sheer abundance of these planets has led some scientists to wonder if life could emerge without a star.
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Sources:
https://medium.com/the-space-perspective/how-planets-without-stars-can-possibly-host-life-on-them-98532ac168f7
https://aeon.co/essays/could-we-make-our-home-on-a-rogue-planet-without-a-sun
https://www.wired.com/2011/02/steppenwolf-planet/
http://hoffman.cm.utexas.edu/courses/rogue_planet_nature_letter.pdf
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2041-8205/735/2/L27/pdf
https://www.space.com/38679-saturn-moon-enceladus-warm-churning-insides.html
https://www.skyandtelescope.com/astronomy-news/rogue-planets-not-plentiful/
https://arxiv.org/pdf/0709.0945.pdf
https://phys.org/news/2019-07-habitability-titan-ocean.html
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/349/6246/420.abstract
http://fire.biol.wwu.edu/cmoyer/zztemp_fire/biol405_S08/Nealson_slimes_tim05.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Olivia_Judson/publication/316561085_The_energy_expansions_of_evolution/links/5b9ced28a6fdccd3cb581926/The-energy-expansions-of-evolution.pdf
http://www.astronomy.com/magazine/ask-astro/2018/09/tidal-heating
https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/precambrian/archean_hadean.php
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Images:
https://www.spacetelescope.org/videos/heic1916b/
https://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1245a/
https://www.videoblocks.com/video/pan-to-wild-butterflies-in-rain-forest-0rpo1t8
https://www.videoblocks.com/video/unique-fish-in-a-cave-sxf-rxsoxjlxmk81q
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Candidatus_Desulforudis_audaxviator.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Desulforudis_audaxviator.jpg
https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/okeanos/explorations/ex1103/logs/photolog/welcome.html#cbpi=/okeanos/explorations/ex1103/dailyupdates/media/video/0723-vent-site.html
https://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1738b/
https://www.videoblocks.com/video/transparent-lava-overlay-with-alpha-channel-9tyfxyy
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/cassini/multimedia/titan20120223L.html
https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA06254
https://www.videoblocks.com/video/3d-animation-of-flying-over-group-of-bacterias-medical-video-background-hwznc1ssmjfnxrfk2
https://www.videoblocks.com/video/school-of-coral-fish-near-hard-corals-on-friwen-wall-best-diving-spot-near-friwen-island-gam-raja-ampat-indonesia-bhicff_zbj3qapdka
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