We use seismographs to record the time, location and magnitude of earthquakes as they happen. But in the last three decades, a new field of study has emerged that is learning to track these details about earthquakes of old using the buildings that lived through them.
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Sources:
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4615-1183-0_6
https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/464951/1/Springer-Sintubin2013-Archaeoseismology.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311516493_Stiros_S_Identification_of_earthquakes_from_archaeological_data_methodology_criteria_and_limitations_In_Stiros_S_and_R_Jones_eds_Archaeoseismology_Fitch_Laboratory_Occasional_Paper_7_Oxford_129-152_19
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/306918164_Signatures_of_1905_Kangra_and_1555_Kashmir_Earthquakes_in_Medieval_Period_Temples_of_Chamba_Region_Northwest_Himalaya
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42990-021-00062-9
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.1008.2598&rep=rep1&type=pdf
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.955.53&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Image Sources:
https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/video/seismograph-stock-footage/926753596?adppopup=true
https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/photo/mother-explaining-to-her-children-how-to-protect-royalty-free-image/1330860446?adppopup=true
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ghajn_Hadid_Tower_closer_view.JPG
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1868_Alameda_County_Courthouse_Hayward_earthquake_damage.png
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42990-021-00062-9
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Katarmal.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_view_from_the_backside_of_the_baijnath_group_of_temples.JPG
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:KITLV_377921_-_Clifton_and_Co._-_The_Qutab_Minar_in_Mehrauli_in_Delhi_-_Around_1890.tif
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fort_Sindree_after_earthquake.tiff
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BhangarhGopinathTemple3.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uttarkashi_city_WTK20150914-DSC_0003.jpg
https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/video/an-overview-of-the-damage-and-destruction-caused-to-a-stock-footage/1313861132?adppopup=true
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Katarmal_Sun_Temple_in_Almora_Uttarakhand_India.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:7th_-_9th_century_Surang_tila_temple,_Sirpur_monuments_Chhattisgarh.jpg
Images used with permission from Archaeoseismology Group, Cologne University (2013)
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