Silicon transistors allowed computers to shrink from the size of houses to watches in a short time, but engineers are facing a problem: we’ve almost hit the limit on how small silicon transistors can get.
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Sources:
Personal interview with Dr. Eric Pop
http://news.mit.edu/2012/graphene-molybdenum-disulfide-flat-materials-0823
https://www.rpi.edu/dept/phys/ScIT/InformationProcessing/semicond/sc_content/semi_30.html
https://spectrum.ieee.org/nanoclast/semiconductors/devices/molybdenumdisulfide-2d-transistors-go-ballistic
https://theconversation.com/with-silicon-pushed-to-its-limits-what-will-power-the-next-electronics-revolution-46287
https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2008/09/moore/
https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2016/10/6/13187820/one-nanometer-transistor-berkeley-lab-moores-law
https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/164049/files/NatNano61352011Schwierz.pdf
https://www.nature.com/articles/nnano.2010.89
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/602592/worlds-smallest-transistor-is-cool-but-wont-save-moores-law/
http://www.onmyphd.com/?p=mosfet.short.channel.effects
http://www0.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/ucacdxq/projects/vlsi/report.pdf
Images:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Colossus_Computer,_Bletchley_Park_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1590854.jpg#/media/File:Colossus_Computer,_Bletchley_Park_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1590854.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Molybdenite-3D-balls.png
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DM_IBM_S360.jpg#/media/File:DM_IBM_S360.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Intel_C4004.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Intel_CPU_Core_i7_6700K_Skylake_perspective.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Molybdenum_disulfide_-_08.jpg
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